Advancements in Upper Body Exoskeleton: Implementing Active Gravity Compensation with a Feedforward Controller

In this study, we present a feedforward control system designed for active gravity compensation on an upper body exoskeleton. The system utilizes only positional data from internal motor sensors to calculate torque, employing analytical control equations based on Newton-Euler Inverse Dynamics. Compared to feedback control systems, the feedforward approach offers several advantages. It eliminates the need for external torque sensors, resulting in reduced hardware complexity and weight. Moreover, the feedforward control exhibits a more proactive response, leading to enhanced performance. The exoskeleton used in the experiments is lightweight and comprises 4 Degrees of Freedom, closely mimicking human upper body kinematics and three-dimensional range of motion. We conducted tests on both hardware and simulations of the exoskeleton, demonstrating stable performance. The system maintained its position over an extended period, exhibiting minimal friction and avoiding undesired slewing

Growth and Development of Saraiki Novel

The linguistic developments have always been coincideing with the development of human civilizations. It is, therefore, commonly believed among historians and linguistic scholars that language and its various generes are the museum of any civilization that help understand depth and breadth of its development over time. The historical development of Saraiki language over time also has been reflected into its various geners such as poetry, drama, prose, folklores or nonfiction, and media.  The present study has examined the the historical development of literary genre, novel in modern Saraiki literature and its sociocultural and linguistic implications. The study would help researcg scholars in the area of Saraiki literature and linguistics to gain deeper understanding of historical development of Saraiki novel in relation to other generes and look into its relationship with sociocultural development of people in Saraiki speaking areas

Analyzing the mediating role of Brand association for Brand awareness and loyalty

Brands are of top priority and interest for many companies and marketing Professionals. Marketing managers are continuously realizing the power of the brands. In today’s competitive environment measuring the exact association of brands is most desirable goal for the organizations. The aim of research is to test empirically the mediating role of brand association for brand awareness and brand loyalty of customers and non-customers. In order to investigate the mediating role of the brand association for customers and non-customers, primary data were collected through a survey from both customers and non-customers of a mobile phone. Findings of the study confirm the mediating role of the brand association for awareness and loyalty for both customers and non-customers. Statistical Results show that Brand associations mediating role does not differ for customers and non-customers, across the product categories whereas the level of the association influents the level of the loyalty for a product

Integration Management: A Bibliometric Study of Research Trends

Integration management has always been a topic of interest for researchers. It plays a significant role in the success of the projects. Integration management effectively incorporates all the aspects of projects and provides a roadmap towards their success. Based on the significance of the term, this paper assesses the research output of integration management since 1970 in different fields of the application using the Scopus database. The data was collected and analyzed through Microsoft Excel to analyze the research publications trend line, publication types and their access to the audience, organizations and countries involved, languages of publications, authors participating, and their respective field of research in relation to integration management. This paper will assist the researcher of this area to observe the research trends on the integration management topic as per the Scopus database until 2021

Gwadar Port Pakistan; Implications for Region

Changing pattern of world’s politics brought Gwadar port under the limelight of policy makers. The port located on the confluence of important regions, emerged as regional hub of energy and resources transportation. The port and its related infrastructure is a way to integrate these economies which would ultimately cause regional integration. Major objective of the study is to expose economic and strategic importance of Gwadar port and to find out its impacts on region’sintegration. To achieve the mentioned objective empirical, descriptive, analytical and predictive methodology is applied. This research concludes that cooperation among the concerned states and peace in Afghanistan would bring economic integration in the region which would automatically be followed by political harmony among the regional countries. One important recommendation in this regard is that Pakistan has to formulate such policies to avoid confrontation of major players and all the related players especially the potential powers shouldaccommodate each other’s interests in the larger interest of the region